Social Work Examination Services (SWES) Human Behavior Practice Test

Which of the following correctly describes age-related cognitive decline?

1. It is reversible through therapy

2. It has a sudden onset

3. It is common and can include memory issues

4. It primarily affects only one's physical health

The correct answer is: It is common and can include memory issues

Age-related cognitive decline is characterized as a gradual process that often becomes noticeable as individuals advance in age. This decline can manifest in various cognitive functions, with memory issues being one of the most commonly reported problems. It is an expected aspect of the aging process for many individuals, distinguishing it from more severe cognitive impairments that might indicate dementia or other neurological conditions. The correct characterization acknowledges that these cognitive changes are common among older adults and can impact their daily functioning. This aspect is particularly important for social workers and healthcare providers as they recognize the effects of aging on mental functioning and can provide appropriate support or interventions. In contrast, the other descriptions do not accurately depict the nature of age-related cognitive decline. It is generally considered a progressive, not reversible process, which distinguishes it from sudden cognitive changes that may occur due to medical emergencies or significant psychological stress. Additionally, while cognitive decline can affect physical health indirectly, it is primarily concerned with changes in mental faculties rather than being limited to physical health alone.