Social Work Examination Services (SWES) Human Behavior Practice Test

What is an underlying assumption of Freud's theories about behavior?

1. All behavior is consciously motivated

2. All behavior is naturally learned

3. All behavior is unconsciously motivated

4. All behavior is a response to the environment

The correct answer is: All behavior is unconsciously motivated

Freud's theories are fundamentally rooted in the idea that much of human behavior is influenced by unconscious processes. This view stems from his belief that our thoughts, feelings, and actions can often be driven by unconscious desires and motivations that we are not fully aware of. Freud introduced concepts such as the id, ego, and superego, which illustrate the interplay between conscious and unconscious forces in our behavior. The unconscious mind contains repressed memories and instincts that significantly impact our actions, often operating outside of our conscious awareness. This perspective helps to explain the complexity of human behavior, including neuroses, dreams, and slips of the tongue—phenomena Freud famously referred to as "Freudian slips." By emphasizing the unconscious motivations behind behavior, Freud opened the door to a deeper understanding of psychological issues, demonstrating that individuals may engage in certain behaviors even when they do not consciously understand the reasons for them. This focus on the unconscious makes the assertion that all behavior is unconsciously motivated a key assumption of Freud's theories. The other options suggest alternative views that do not align with Freud's emphasis on the unconscious mind's role in behavior.