Social Work Examination Services (SWES) Human Behavior Practice Test

What did Hartmann refer to when discussing inborn capacities such as perception and memory?

1. Ego integrity

2. Foundation of autonomy

3. Ego appearance of primary autonomy

4. Developmental autonomy

The correct answer is: Ego appearance of primary autonomy

Hartmann discussed inborn capacities such as perception and memory in the context of "Ego appearance of primary autonomy." This concept refers to the idea that these innate abilities form a foundational aspect of an individual’s psychological development. Primary autonomy emphasizes how basic psychological functions, like perception and memory, are essential for the functioning of the ego and contribute to a person's ability to navigate and interact with their environment effectively. In this framework, the focus is on how these inborn capacities allow individuals to develop a sense of self that is not solely reliant on external influences but is rooted in their inherent cognitive abilities. This understanding is crucial in social work as it helps practitioners recognize the significance of innate psychological functions in shaping behavior and individual differences. Other options might refer to different aspects of development or psychological functioning but do not specifically target the innate cognitive mechanisms that Hartmann highlighted. For instance, ego integrity is more about the overarching sense of completeness one achieves in later life, while foundation of autonomy and developmental autonomy relate to independence and personal growth but do not directly address the inborn capacities as extensively as the concept of "Ego appearance of primary autonomy."